Transdural spread of glioblastoma with endonasal growth in a long-term survivor patient: case report and literature review

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary tumor of the central nervous system (CNS) in adults. Its growth has been always described as locally invasive. This tumor rarely penetrates dura mater and invades extracranial structures. We present a case of GBM, which occurred in a 39-year-old man, with final involvement of the nasal cavity. The patient was operated four times in three years, and a personalized adjuvant chemotherapy regimen was administered in a neo-adjuvant fashion. Histopathological features of the tumor are described. To our knowledge, there are only 9 cases reported in the literature showing this growth pattern and the last case was reported in 1998.